Open data from the third observing run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO

The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed of three phases: O3a starting in 2019 April and lasting six months, O3b starting in 2019 November and lasting five months, and O3GK starting in 2020 April and lasting two weeks. In this paper we describe these data and various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at https://gwosc.org. The main data set, consisting of the gravitational-wave strain time series that contains the astrophysical signals, is released together with supporting data useful for their analysis and documentation, tutorials, as well as analysis software packages

Hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens optic and haptics opacification in a diabetic patient: Bilateral case report and clinicopathologic correlation

PubMed ID: 12414413Objective: To report clinicopathologic and ultrastructural features of two opacified single-piece hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) explanted from a diabetic patient. Design: Interventional case report with clinicopathologic correlation. Setting: A 64-year-old white female underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of a single-piece hydrophilic acrylic lens (SC60B-OUV; Medical Developmental Research, Inc., Clear Water, FL) in October 1998 in the left eye and in July 1999 in the right eye. The best-corrected visual acuity after surgery was 20/60 in the left eye and 20/50 in the right eye. The patient had a marked decrease in visual acuity in June 2000 as a result of a milky, white opalescence of both lenses. Intraocular lens explantation and exchange was performed in both eyes and the explanted IOLs were submitted to our center for detailed pathologic, histochemical, and ultrastructural evaluation. They were stained with alizarin red and the von Kossa method for calcium, and also underwent scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive radiograph spectroscopy to ascertain the nature of the deposits leading to opacification. Main Outcome Measures: Documentation of calcium deposits confirmed by histochemical stains and surface analyses. Results: Opacification of the IOL was found to be the cause of decreased visual acuity. The opacification involved both the IOL optic and the haptics in the left eye and was confined to the IOL optic in the right eye. Histochemical and ultrastructural analyses revealed that the opacity was caused by deposition of calcium and phosphate within the lens optic and haptics. Conclusions: There are two features that distinguish this case from those reported earlier. This is the first clinicopathologic report of lens opacification that has involved completely the lens optic and the haptics. Second, these two explanted IOLs document the first bilateral case. This process of intraoptic and haptic opacification represents dystrophic calcification of unknown cause. Diabetic patients appear to be more severely and more often affected by lens opacification. Long-term follow-up of diabetic patients implanted with this IOL design should be maintained by surgeons and manufacturers. © 2002 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology, Inc

Dense opacification of the optical component of a hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens: A clinicopathological analysis of 9 explanted lenses

PubMed ID: 11566535Purpose: To report clinical, pathological, histochemical, ultrastructural, and spectrographic analyses of explanted hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) obtained from patients who had visual disturbances caused by postoperative opacification of the lens optic. Setting: Center for Research on Ocular Therapeutics and Biodevices, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, and Ege University, Alsancak Izmir, Turkey. Methods: Nine hydrophilic IOLs (SC60B-OUV, MDR Inc.) were explanted from 9 patients with decreased visual acuity. Most patients became symptomatic approximately 24 months after uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Opacification was noted and appeared clinically to be associated with a fine granularity within the substance of the IOL optic. The IOLs were forwarded to the center and examined by gross and light microscopy. Full-thickness cut sections of the optics were stained with 1% alizarin red and the von Kossa method (special stains for calcium). Some were submitted for scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Results: Microscopic analyses revealed multiple fine, granular deposits of variable sizes within the lens optics, usually distributed in a line parallel to the anterior and posterior curvatures of the optic, with a clear zone just beneath the optic surface. The deposits stained positive with alizarin red and the von Kossa method. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy of the internal substance of sectioned IOLs demonstrated the presence of calcium within the deposits. Conclusion: This is the first clinicopathological report of optic opacification occurring with this hydrophilic acrylic IOL model. Studies of similar cases with this lens should be done to determine the incidence and possible mechanisms of the phenomenon. © 2001 ASCRS and ESCRS

Water ice abundance and CO2 band strength on the saturnian satellite Phoebe from Cassini/VIMS observations

We have studied the near-infrared spectrum of the Saturn satellite Phoebe, a distant satellite observed before Cassini’s Saturn orbit insertion, using data from the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) on the Cassini orbiter. We have done a critical calibration of the dataset that involves careful correction of dark artifacts. We model areally mixed water ice and non-ice (assumed segregated because of the low ∼3% albedo of the non-ice material) for several high and medium resolution observations of Phoebe made near closest approach. Using a Hapke roughness factor of 15°, we find ice abundances from ∼0.1% to over 4%. The ice grain radii vary from 1 to 10 μm. These are displayed on a projected map of Phoebe with about 50% coverage (about 33% coverage at better than 5 km spatial resolution). Detailed looks at the water ice spectral fits shows that the weak 1.05 and 1.25-μm bands are missing in most of the spectra, implying that the ice endmember is not pure ice, but has a dark material mixed with it that lowers the albedo and suppresses these bands. We made a model of ice contaminated with Phoebe-like dark material showing that a few percent of dark material lowers the albedo to ∼50% and suppresses the bands. The dirty ice model produces better fits to the spectra and implies that the amount of dirty ice is about 1.5 times the amount of pure ice. We have also calculated the CO2 band depth for these same observations and projected the results. The CO2 band depth varies inversely with water ice abundance